Centre of Excellence in Gender Studies

The course will begin with the sociology of world religions and will include a comparative analysis of gender in world religions: and Hinduism, Christianity, Judaism, Buddhism and Islam. The status of women in Islam will be discussed within the context of Quran. A comparative analysis in women’s status across the Muslim world and the gap between rights granted to women in Islam and women’s status as an individual as member of the family and society will be explained. Muslim feminists and their efforts and scholarly contribution made to feminist interpretation of Islam will also be discussed. Feminist critique and view of Hadith and Fiqah will also be taught in this course.

Recommended Reading Jones-Pauly, Chris (2007), Women under Islam: Gender Justice and the Politics of Islamic Law, I.B. Tauris, London Bennett, J, (2007),Women, Islam and Modernity,Routledge curzon, London & New York Cooke Mariam (2001), Women Claim Islam, Routledge London and New York SofieRoald, Anne (2001), Women and Islamabad, Routledge London and New York Howland, Courtney (1999), Religious Fundamentalisms and the Human Rights of Women, Palgrave Mcmillan, New York (1998), Women and Islam Utaz, B (ed) (1992) Women in Islamic Societies Mernissi, Fatima (1985), Beyond the Veil: Male-Female Dynamics in Modern Muslim Society, Indiana University Press. Beck, L and Keddie, N (eds) (1978), Women in the Muslim World, Harvard University Press, Cambridge

The course will examine women’s representation in mass media, how they have been portrayed and will determine the status and position of women within media industry.  To deal with this dual objective, the course will deal with theory and practice. Through an examination of gender stereotypes that reinforce the traditional attitudes we will show how dominant patterns of sexual power constitute a constraint to eliminate the discriminatory attitudes towards women.  Issues of sexuality, identity and representations will be critically examined. This will show students the practical side of mass media. By exploring women’s position in media we will critique12. GS 311: GENDER AND MEDIA the objectification of women and will establish the need of alternative forms of producing mass media for and about women. The students will be involved in monitoring various national media (electronic and print) by using the methods of direct observation and content analysis.

Recommended Reading
Byerly, M. Carolyn (2006), Women and Media, Blackwell, Malden, USA
Boyle, Karen (2005), Media and Violence, SAGE, London, New Delhi, Thousand Oaks
Wykes Maggie (2005), The Media and Body Image, SAGE, London, New Delhi, Thousand Oaks
Byerly, M. Carolyn (2004), Women and Media: a Critical Introduction, Blackwell, Malden, USA
Gaunlett, David (2002), Media, Gender and Identity, Routledge, London, and New York

The course will introduce theories of feminist literary criticism to interpret literature and explore the relationship between gender and culture in fiction, poetry and essays of women writers. The students will be exposed to women’s literary expression since the beginning of the 20th century in the undivided Indo-Pakistan sub-continent. Starting with works of Hihab Imtiaz ali, Attiya Faizi, the course will take up how women become more vocal and expressive on social and gender issues rather than love and romance. This will be done through the study of progressive writers like Rasheed Jehan, Ismaat Chughtai, Hajra Masroor, Khatija Mastoor, Kishwar Naheed, Fahmida Riza and other contemporary writers.

Recommended Readings Duran, Jane (2007), Women Philosophy and Literature, Ashgate Publishing, London Gibson, Sandra (2007), Women and Witchcraft in Popular Literature C.1560-1715, Ashgate Publishing, London Naheed, Kishwar (2005) Distance of a Shout, Oxford University Press, Karachi (2005) Dasht-e-Qais main Laila, Sang-e-Meel Publications, Lahore Fisher, Jerliyn (2003), Women in Literature, Greenwood Press Jain, Jagishchnadra and Walter Margaret (1987), Women in Ancient Indian Tales Feguson, Mary (1986), Images of Women in Literature, Houghton Miffin College

The course will provide an overview of women in their roles as health care providers and consumers. The health status of women and issues in women’s health movement will be examined as it grew from the controversy over birth control to the wider critique in the West of the medical establishment and its ignorance of women’s needs. Gender differences in emotional and physiological health status and emerging needs of women for health care will be discussed. Current issues in HIV-AIDs, nutritional deprivation and reproductive health care issues will be examined through writings of women in the west as well as in the developing countries where the demand for attention to women’s health concerns is a key development issue. Gender review of health policies and the role of national and international agencies as well as Multi-national corporations (MNC) on the field of women’s health research will also be examined.

Recommended Readings
Kirkham, Marvis (2006), Social Pollution and Women’s Health, Routledge, London and New York
Curtis, Sara (2004), Health and Inequality, SAGE, London, New Delhi, Thousand Oaks
Stopperard, Miriam (2001), Women’s Health, Dorling Kindersely, Australia
Lee, Christina (1999) Women’s Health: Psychological and Social Perspectives, SAGE, London, New Delhi, Thousand Oaks
Smyke, Patricia (1993), Women and Health, Zed Books, London
Kumar, Ram (1990), Women Health Development and Administration, Deep and Deep Publications, New Delhi
Zaidi, S.A (1988)The Political Economy of Health Care in Pakistan, Vanguard Books, Lahore

The course will provide an overview of the history of women’s and girl’s education in Pakistan. Major issues in women’s access to education, content analysis of curriculum and gender review of educational policies will be discussed. Non-formal education and gender gap in technical and vocational education will be understood through the analysis of gender stereotypes that cause gender gap and disparities in the field of education. The role of private sector, international development agencies and NGOs will also be reviewed.

Recommended Readings
Fennell, F (2007), Gender and Education and Equality in a Global Context, Routledge, London and New York
Bank, J. Barbara (ed) (2007), Gender and Education , Greenwood Press
Verma, Mahesh (2006), Gender, girls and Women Education, Murari lal & Sons New Delhi
Usmani, B.D, (2004), Women Education in Twenty First Century , Anmol Publications Pvt Ltd, New Delhi
Ramachandran, Vimala (2004), Gender and Social Equity in Primary Education, SAGE, London, New Delhi, Thousand Oaks
Tamboukou, Maria (2003), Women, Education and the Self: A Foucauldian Perspective, Palgrave Mcmillan, New York
Doherty D Geoffrey (1994), Developing Quality Systems in Education, Routledge, London and New York

The course will provide feminist critique to the theories that define gender inequalities in the discipline of psychology. Theories of women’s personalities, women’s mental health and well being, women’s sexuality and women’s relationships will be reviewed from feminist perspective.

Recommended Readings
Chrisler, C (2007), Lecturers on the Psychology of Women, McGraw-Hill Humanities
Rogers, Rex (2001), The Psychology of Gender and Sexuality
Saguaro, Shelley (2000), Psychoanalysis and Women a reader
Chrisoler, C. Joan (1995) Variations on a Theme: Diversity and the Psychology of Women
Aronson, E (1994), Social Psychology: the Heart and Mind, HarperCollins College, New York
Butler, J (1993), Bodies that Matter: On the Discursive Limits of Sex, Routledge, London and New York

This course explores the relationship between women and science. The historical perspective views men doing science in a setting where women were virtually excluded. Women’s contribution in science is also invisible. The course will revise the model to include women defining and doing science alongside men.

Recommended Readings
Newitz Annalee (2006), She’s Such a Geek: Women Write about Science, Seal Press, New York
Bystydzienski, Jill (2006) Removing Barriers, Indiana University Press, Bloomingtoon
McGrayne, Sharon (2001), Women in Science, National Academy Press, Washington
Subrahmanyan, Lalita (1998), Women Scientists in the Third World, SAGE, London, New Delhi, Thousand Oaks
Pattatucci, Angela (1998), Women in Science, SAGE, London, New Delhi, Thousand Oaks
Benditt, J. (ed.) (1994), Women in Science: Gender and Culture of Science, SAGE, London, New Delhi, Thousand Oaks
Osbornk, M (1992), Prospects for Women in Science
Rode, d.L, (1985), Reflections on Gender and Science

GS-318: Literature Review and Research Design (Research Course)

GS-319: Field Work and Seminar (Research Course)

GS-320: Thesis and Viva-Voce (Research Course)

The course will give historical overview of Sub-continent: Socio political contribution of women in early and medieval period. The role of women in the independence movement of sub-continent will also be discussed. Comparative study of women’s movement in the Sub-continent will be taught in contemporary period.

Recommended Readings
Sievers L.Sharon (1999), Women in Asia: Restoring to History, Indian University Press
Visram Rozina (1992), Women in India and Pakistan, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Allen Micheal and S.N. Mukherjee (1990), Women in India and Nepal, ANU Canberra
Badr Clarisse, (1988), Women in Ancient India: Moral and Literacy Studies, Anmol Publications Pvt Ltd, New Delhi
Brijbhushan, Jamila,, Sultan Razia: Her Life and Times: A Reappraisal, South Asia Books, Columbia
Sharma Tripat (1987), Women in Ancient India, Ess Ess Publications, New Delhi

The course will discuss the role and relation of women with environment and eco-systems. Theory of eco-feminism and Development and its impact on environment will be key area of focus of the course. Key environment issues: renewable and non-renewable energy resources, water, forestry, global warming etc will be discusses. The environment policy and gap and challenges to implement the policy in practice will also be discussed.

Recommended Reading
Mann, Bonnie (2006), Women Liberation and the Sublim: Feminism, Postmodernism,Environment, Oxford University Press.
Morese, Stephen (2003), People and Environment, ULC, Press
Vandna, Shiva (1990) Staying Alive, Zed Books, London
Rodda, Annable (1996), Women and Environment, Zed Books, London
Ashsan R.M (1994), Women, Work and Environment: Studies in Gender Geography
Nandna, Shiva (1990), Eco-Feminism
Dankelun, Irene (1988), Women and Environment in the Third World, Earthscan Publications, London
Swarnkar, G.P (1988), Women Participation in Rural Environment, South Asia Books, Columbia

New paradigms in peace and security will be taught. The concept of traditional and non-traditional security and differential impact of conflict on women will be also be discussed through cases studies of Afghanistan, Palestine, Kashmir, Bosnia etc. Gender strategies in conflict resolution will also be discussed in this course.

Recommended Reading
Rajagopalan, Swarna (2005), Women, Security, South Asia, Sage Publication, London
Taylor Owen (2003), Body Count, Rationale and Methodologies for Measuring Human  Security.
Manchandra, Rita, (2001), Women, War and Peace in South Asia, SAGE, London, New Delhi, Thousand Oaks
Siddiqui, Farhan Hanif and Moonis Ahwar (2001), The Challenges of Conflict Resolution and Security in 21st Century: Problems and Prospects

This course will aim to explore fluidity of sexuality from an historical and cultural perspective and will look at the treatment of alternative sexuality from a “deviant”/ heteronormative/ medicalized angle making use of queer theory.

Recommended Readings:
Boston Women’s Collective, 1998, Our Bodies Ourselves for the New Century, Touchstone: New York
Beemyan, Brett, Mickey Eliason, 1996, Queer Studies: Gay Bisexual and Transgender Anthology. New York University Press, NY
Mottier, Véronique, 2008, Sexuality: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press: Oxford
Horrocks, Roger, 1997, An Introduction To the Study of Sexuality, McMillan: London.
Pateman, Carol, 1988, The Sexual Contract, Polity Press: Oxford
Thatcher, Adrian, 2010, Religion, Gender and Sexuality: An Introduction
Rowland, David L., Incrocci, Luca, 2008, Handbook of Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders, Wiley Blackwell: London

This course will examine how masculinities and femininities are constructed in films, both in commercial Hollywood, Bollywood and Lollywood films as well as alternative cinema or art movies; and how this construction has changed over time and space.  This course will also examine social and political factors that affect this construction in films and will make use of film theory.

Recommended Readings:

Moore, Lindsay, 2008, Voice and Vision in Postcolonial Literature and Film.  Routledge
Desai, Jigna, 2003, Beyond Bollywood: The Cultural Politics of South Asian Diasporic Film. Routledge
Lauretis, Teresa De,  2008, Technologies of Gender: Essays on Theory, Film, and Fiction (Theories of Representation and Difference)
Kaplan, E.Ann, 2008, Women in Film Noir, British Film Institute,: London
Greven, David, 2009, Gender and Sexuality in Star Trek: Allegories of Desire in the Television Series and Films, McFarland & Company: USA, ISBN -0786444134
Benshoff, Harry M. and Griffin, Sean, 2009,  America on Film: Representing Race, Class, Gender, and Sexuality at the Movies, Second Edition, Wiley Blackewell: London

This course interrogates recent interventions into the debates around globalization and gender, focusing on how gender plays out in the flows of money, people, and culture that characterize "globalization" How are women and men differently situated as agents and subjects of global change?

Recommended Readings:
Steans, Jill, 2006, Gender and International Relations: Issues, Debates and Future Directions. Polity Press, Cambridge
Mogadham, Valentine, 2005, Globalizing Women: Transnational Feminist Networks. John Hopkins University Press, Maryland.
Grewal,  Inderpal, 2005, Transnational America: Feminisms, Diasporas, Neoliberalisms (Next Wave: New Directions in Women's Studies) Duke University Press:  [Paperback]
Naples, Nancy A and  Desai, Manisha  (Editors), 2002, Women's Activism and Globalization: Linking Local Struggles and Transnational Politics, Routledge: London [Hardcover]
Overbeek, Henk Apeldoorn, Bastiaan van, 2007, The Transnational Politics of Corporate Governance Regulation (Routledge/RIPE Studies in Global Political Economy) Routledge: London

The course will cover conceptual and technical aspect of gender mainstreaming. Different approaches to gender mainstreaming will be introduced. Special focus of the course will be on the assessment of the state of gender mainstreaming in the context of Pakistan.

Recommended Readings:
Kabeer, Naila, 2003, Gender Mainstreaming in Poverty Eradication and the Millennium Development Goals. Commonwealth Secretariat
Stevens, Ills, Ilse van Lamoen, 2001, Manual on Gender Mainstreaming at Universities. Garant, Netherlands
 Whall, Helena and ( Shivdas, Meena, 2011, Indigenous Womens Rights: Challenging Social and Gender Hierarchies (New Gender Mainstreaming Series on Development Issues) Commonwealth Secretariate,
McGregor, Elizabeth, 2001, Gender Mainstreaming in Science and Technology (Gender Management System Series), Commonwealth Secretariate.
 Kabeer, Naila, 2008, Mainstreaming Gender in Social Protection for the Informal Economy (New Gender Mainstreaming in Development
Williams, Mariama, 2003, Gender Mainstreaming in the Multilateral Trading System: A Handbook for Policy Makers and Other Stakeholders (New Gender Mainstreaming in Development Series), Commonwealth Secretariate.
 Rai, Shirin, 2007, Mainstreaming Gender, Democratizing the State: Institutional Mechanisms for the Advancement of Women (Perspectives on
Transaction Publishers,

This course will explore the gendered dimensions of labor movements, the role of men and women in trade unions and how the social construction of gender impacts such movements.

Recommended Readings:
Biyanwila, S., 2010, Labor Movement in the Global South: Trade Unions in Sri Lanka. Routledge.
Broadbent, Kaye, Michele Ford, 2007, Women and Labor Organizing in Asia: Diversity, Autonomy and Activism. Routledge
Frager,  Ruth A, 1992,  Sweatshop Strife: Class, Ethnicity, and Gender in the Jewish Labour Movement of Toronto, 1900-1939 (Social History of Canada) University of Toronto Press.
Voss, Lex Heerma and Linden, Van Marcel Van Der, 2002,  Class and Other Identities: Gender, Religion, and Ethnicity in the Writing of European Labor History (International Studies in Social History, Berghahn Books.
Iacovetta, Franca, 2002, Brothers and sisters: gender and the labour movement, a feminist labour studies conference at the Workers Arts and Heritage Centre, Hamilton, May 2002, Canadian Committee on Labour History.
Rose,  Kalima, 1993,  Where Women Are Leaders: The SEWA Movement in India, ZED books: New Delhi.

This course will provide students grounding in the theory and practice of gender sensitive community development in the context of Third World. 

It has four main components. It will begin with analysis of the concept of community development, its various definitions, principles and processes. This will be followed by an analysis of various approaches, through a gendered lens. The third component will be geared towards giving the students a strategic framework for problems and processes within the context of gender and community development in the Third World. In addition the course will also focus on effective advocacy for women’s rights.
  
Theoretical issues addressed in this context include the definitions of advocacy framed by different institutions and difference between rights based advocacy and its effectiveness as compared to relief and reform based approach. Analysis of advocacy will be done at three different levels: international NGOs, national NGOs and CBOs. Two advocacy campaigns addressing violence against women for women will be examined at each level. In addition large movements such as Narmada Bachao Andolan and Chipko movement and the factors that have led to their success will also be explored. Last, the four fold interface of donors, parliamentarians, political parties and heads of state in terms of policymaking; in particular the factors that lead to disjunct between stated manifestos and actual stands will be explored in detail.
   
Recommended Readings:
BENHABIB, Seyla. Situating the Self: Gender, Community and Post Modernism in Contemporary Ethics. Routledge. New York, 1992 (Chapter 1, 2, 3 and 4)
CORNWALL, Andrea. Whose Voices? Whose Choices? Reflections on Gender and Participatory Development. Institute of Development Studies. United Kingdom, 2003. (Chapter 4, 6, 3)
NAPLES, Nancy (ed) Community Activism and Feminist Politics: Organizing Across Race, Class and Gender. Routledge, New York, 1998 ( Chapter 3, 5 and 6).

Journal Articles and Reports: 
AGARWAL, Bina. ‘Participatory Exclusions, Community, Forestry and Gender: An Analysis for South Asia and a Conceptual Framework’. World Development. Vol 29, Issue 10, Oct 2001.
LEAVITT, Jacqueline. ‘Where’s the Gender in Community Development’ Journal of Women in Culture and Society. University of Chicago. Vol 29, no1, 2003.
KING, Chrissy. ‘Gender and Rural Community Development: An analysis of policy approaches to development’ (www.map1.com.au/ComDev retrieved 14 July 2007)
NARAYAN, D ’Voices of the Poor: Can anyone hear us’. World Bank, April 2006.
SHAIKH, Nermeen ‘Amartya Sen: The Global Economy’. The Present as History: Critical Perspectives on Global Power. Columbia University Press, 2008.
KHAN, Shahrukh, Rafi"A Participatory Approach to Development’ Rethinking Security Rethinking Development, Sustainable Development Policy Institute, 1995.
Advocacy strategies and approaches: A resource manual, International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, Nepal. 2005

The aim of this course is to enable students to think, analyze and write more effectively. Thus, this course will be a ‘tool’ equipping students to understand and critically evaluate their own and others’ thinking.

This initiates with an exploration of sources of knowledge: empiricism and rationalism. It then examines core concepts in formal and informal logic, such as inductive and deductive reasoning, forms of arguments, argument fallacies, difference between truth and validity and analysis of thought. Particular focus of this course is on propaganda and misdirected appeals (appeal to tradition, appeal to authority, emotional appeals etc). Examples of misdirected appeals and argument fallacies are gleaned from everyday life. In addition, thought mapping is also introduced as a tool for analysis and organizing thinking, with particular focus on its role in conducting and organizing research. The primary aspect of the course is in the context of the second wave of logic and critical thinking which emphasizes and incorporates the feminine perspective in critical thinking and logic. 

Recommended Readings:
KAHANE, Howard. Logic and Philosophy: A Modern Introduction. Wadsworth Publications, 2002. (Chapter 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6)
MITCHELL, Helen. Roots of Wisdom. Wadsworth Publications, 1999.
(Chapter 1, 2, 5 and 6)
WALTERS, Kerry (ed) New Perspectives in Critical Thinking. State University of New York, 1994. (covered entirely)

Journal Articles: 
PETER, Facione ‘Critical thinking: What it is and why it counts’ California Academic Press, 2006.

This course constitutes of Gender Theories specifically as it applies to violence and conflict creation and resolution. It examines the complex relationships between gender, race, ethnicity, nationalism, religion, militarization and masculinity both in the domestic and the public spheres. The entire focus of the course is in assessing the possibilities of engendering notions of peace, conflict, justice, reconstruction, reparations and pre-post conflict gender arrangements and in challenging discourses and practices which invisibilize, minimize or justify the domination of women worldwide. It intends to give students a theoretical lens from which to examine Gender and Peace Building. The course will focus on masculinities, including identity issues, and their relationship to structural oppression, dominance, violence, especially that directed at women, and militarism. Is masculinity intrinsically related to violence? Can violence at home be separated from violence at the war front? Are women really more peaceful? Does motherhood and maternal thinking make women more peace loving? Discourses about women’s agency and women’s as victims will be critically analyzed.

Recommended Readings
Harris, Adrienne, and Ynestra King, eds. Rocking the Ship of State: Toward a Feminist Peace Politics. Boulder, Colo., 1989. An introduction to issues of women, gender, and peace activism.
Cooke, Miriam, and Angela Woollacott, eds. Gendering War Talk. Princeton, N.J., 1993. An interdisciplinary collection on gender and war.
Elshtain, Jean Bethke and Sheila Tobias, eds. 1990. Women, Militarism and War: Essays in History, Politics and Social Theory, Savage, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
Burguieres, M. (1990). “Feminist Approaches to Peace: Another Step for Peace Studies.” Millennium: Journal of International Studies 19(1): 1-18.
Henderson, Michael. 1994. All Her Paths Are Peace: Women Pioneers in Peacemaking, New Jersey: Kumarian Press.
Anderlini, Sanam. 2001. Women, Peace and Security Audit: A Policy Audit From the Beijing Platform for Action to UN Security Council Resolution 1325 and Beyond.http://www.international-alert.org/women/polaudit.pdf 
Rita Manchanda and Shereen Karmali. 1999. Women, Violent Conflict and Peacebuilding: Global Perspectives http://www.international-alert.org/women/confrep.pdf
Arditti, R. (1999). Searching For Life: The Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo and the Disappeared Children of Argentina. Berkeley, University of California Press.
Boulding, E. (1995). “Feminist Interventions in the Art of Peacemaking: A Century Overview.” Peace and Change 20(4): 408-439. 
Abdo (2002). “Women,War and Peace: Reflection From the Intifada.” Women's Studies International Forum 25(5): 585-593(9). 
Abreu, A. A. (1998). Mozambican Women Experiencing Violence. What Women Do in War. M. Turshen, Twagiramariya (eds.). London and New York, Zed Books.
Adams, D. (1992). “The The Seville Statement of Violence.” Peace Review 3(3): 20-22.
African Rights (1995). Not So Innocent: When Women Become Killers. African Rights, London
Afshar, H. (2003). “Women and wars: some trajectories towards a feminist peace.” Development in Practice 13(2-3): 178-188(11).
Albanese, P. (2001). “Nationalims, War, and Archaisation of Gender Relations in the Balkans.” Violence Against Women 7(9): 999-1023(25).
Allen, B. (1996). Rape Warfare: The Hidden Genocide in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press. 
Amnesty International. (1993). Bosnia-Herzegovina: Rape and Sexual Abuse by Armed Forces. New York, Amnesty International. 
Anderson, S. (2000). “Crossing the Lines: Women's Organisations in Conflict Resolutions.” Development 43(3): 34-39(6).
Arcel, L. T. (1998). “Sexual Torture of Women as a Weapon of War - the case of Bosnia-Herzegovina.” European Psychiatry 13(1004): 159s-159s(1).
Canadian International Development Agency. (1998). Gender Equality and Peace Building: A Draft Operational Framework. Ottawa, CIDA.

The course will develop from the idea that human rights are the basis for peace, justice and democracy and that there can be no peace without justice and no justice without human rights from a gender perspective. 
Human Rights will be defined as a code of conduct, an agenda for development, a guide for good governance, based on the principles of equality, accountability, participation and legally binding instruments. They will also be discussed as a challenge to cultural diversity, national security and sovereignty.  Because human rights theory, as most man created theories, is andocentric, the course will discuss this gender bias in the theory and practice of human rights and the process by which human rights have slowly acquired a gender perspective. 
The course will also attempt to get students to think holistically; instead of compartmentally about the relationship between many of the social problems in the world’s numerous war zones.  It will attempt to provide students with some tools to address these social problems and begin to build peace from the personal to the national to the international level.  Part of this objective will be achieved by familiarizing students with many of the human rights instruments, documents and methodologies created by the United Nations Human Rights System and Women’s non-governmental organizations.

Recommended Readings
El-Bushra, J., Lopez, P, Ed. (1993). Gender Related Violence: its Scope and Relevance. Women and Conflict, Oxfam Focus on Gender: Vol.1, No.2, pp. 1-9.
Dunbar, Sia Regina. 1997. “Role of Women in Decision-Making in the Peace Process,” in S. Wolte, ed., Human Rights Violations against Women during War and Conflict, Geneva: Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, pp. 12-18. 
Crowell, N., Burgess, A, Ed. (1996). Understanding Violence Against Women. Washington D.C., National Academic Press.
Asian Centre for Women's Human Rights (1998). Common Grounds: violence Against Women in War and Armed Conflict Situations. Quezon City, Philippines, Asian Centre for Women's Human Rights.
Bennett, O., Bexley,J, Warnock,K, Ed. (1995). Arms to Fight, Arms to Protect: Women Speak Out About Conflict. London, Panos.
Bunch, C., Carrillo, R (1992). Gender Violence: A Development and Human Rights Issue. Dublin, Attic Press.
Biehler, A. (2002). “War Crimes Against Women.” Criminal Law Forum 13(4): 507-513(7).
Buss, D. (1998). “Women at the borders: rape and nationalism in international  law.” Feminist Legal Studies VI(2): 171-203.
Buss, D. (2002). “Prosecuting Mass Rape: Prosecutor v.Dragoljub Kunarac, Radomir Kovac and Zoran Vukovic.” Feminist Legal Studies 10(1): 91-99(9).
Baines, E. K. (2003). “Body Politics and the Rwandan Crisis.” Third World Quarterly - Journal of Emerging Areas 24(3): 479-493(15).
Charlesworth, H., Wood,M (2002). “Women and Human Rights in the Rebuilding of East Timor.” Nordic Journal of International Law 71(2): 325-348(24).
Corak, Z. (1993). Children of Paradise. Mass Rapes as War Crimes. Zagreb, Documenta Croatica.
Asian Centre for Women's Human Rights (1998). Common Grounds: Violence Against Women in War and Armed Conflict Situations. Quezon City, Philippines, Asian Centre for Women's Human Rights.
Belknap, J. (1996). The Invisible Women: Gender, Crime, and Justice. Belmont, Wadsworth.  
Benjamin, J., Fancy, K (1998). The Gender Dimensions of Displacement: Concept Paper and Anotated Bibliography. New York, UNICEF.   
Bennett, O., Bexley,J, Warnock,K, Ed. (1995). Arms to Fight, Arms to Protect: Women Speak Out About Conflict. London, Panos.
Biehler, A. (2002). “War Crimes Against Women.” Criminal Law Forum 13(4): 507-513(7).
Bunch, C., Carrillo, R (1992). Gender Violence: A Development and Human Rights Issue. Dublin, Attic Press.
Belknap, J. (1996). The Invisible Women: Gender, Crime, and Justice. Belmont, Wadsworth. 
Benjamin, J., Fancy, K (1998). The Gender Dimensions of Displacement: Concept Paper and Anotated Bibliography. New York, UNICEF. 
Bennett, O., Bexley,J, Warnock,K, Ed. (1995). Arms to Fight, Arms to Protect: Women Speak Out About Conflict. London, Panos. 
Biehler, A. (2002). “War Crimes Against Women.” Criminal Law Forum 13(4): 507-513(7). 
Blagojevi, M. (1994). “War and Everyday Life: Deconstruction of Self-Sacrifice.” Sociologija (Sociology)(469 October-December). 
Boulding, E. (1981). “Focus On: The Gender Gap.” Journal of Peace Research 21(1): 1-3. 
Boulding, E. (1995). “Feminist Interventions in the Art of Peacemaking: A Century Overview.” Peace and Change 20(4): 408-439. 
Bracewell, W. (1996). “Women, Motherhood and Contemporary Serbian Nationalism.” Women's Studies International Forum 19(1/2): 25-33. 
Braidotti, R. (2000). “Once Upon a time in Europe.” Signs 25(4): 1061-1064.
Bunch, C., Carrillo, R (1992). Gender Violence: A Development and Human Rights Issue. Dublin, Attic Press. 
Burguieres, M. (1990). “Feminist Approaches to Peace: Another Step for Peace Studies.” Millennium: Journal of International Studies 19(1): 1-18.  
Buss, D. (1998). “Women at the borders: rape and nationalism in international 
Hughes, D., Mrsevic, Z (1997). “Violence Against Women in Belgrade, Serbia, SOS Hotline 1991-1993.” Violence Against Women. law.” Feminist Legal Studies VI(2): 171-203.
Buss, D. (2002). “Prosecuting Mass Rape: Prosecutor v.Dragoljub Kunarac, Radomir Kovac and Zoran Vukovic.” Feminist Legal Studies 10(1): 91-99(9).
Coomaraswamy, R. (1998). Report of the Special Rapporteur on Violence Against Women, its Causes and Consequences, UN Commission on Human Rights E/CN.4/1998/54, 26 January. 
Coomaraswamy, R. (1998). Report of the Mission to Rwanda on the Issues of Violence Against Women in Situations of Armed Conflict, UN Commission on Human Rights E/CN.4/1998/Add.1, 4 February. 
Copelon, R. (1995). Gendered War Crimes: Reconceptualising Rape in Time of War. Women's Rights Human Rights. J. Peters, Wolper, A. New York, Routledge.
All National and International Human rights instruments, commitments by the state of Pakistan Content goes here

Through the lens of peace-building, peacemaking, and gender studies the course examines the processes and dynamics associated with both peace and conflict.  This exploration will proceed from both an analytical perspective and from a normative perspective, with the end goal of enabling and empowering participants as agents for peace-building.  Throughout, the course focuses on the development of skills and analytical capacities required for effective engagement in peace-building, peacemaking and other ‘peace processes’.  The course will provide students with the opportunity to practice such skills as negotiation and mediation, communication, team-building.  It will also provide a forum for linking these skills with the broader frameworks of peace-building and conflict analysis.  An additional theme linking questions of power, gender, and the emerging area of conflict transformation runs throughout the course, and provides a critical basis for the interrogation of various practices and approaches common in contemporary ‘peace processes’ that may in fact be more problematic than is often realized. 

Recommended Readings
Chenoy, A., Vanaik,A (1996). Promoting Peace, Security and Conflict Resolution: Altering the Gender Balance in Decision Making Structures. Expert Group Meeting on "Political Decision-Making and Conflict-Resolution: The Impact of Gender Difference, United Nations Division For the Advancement of Women, Santo Domingo.
El-Bushra, J. (2000). Transforming Conflict: Some thoughts on a Gendered Understanding of Conflict Processes. States of Conflict: Gender, Violence and Resistance. S. Jacobs, Jacobson, R, Marchbank, J. London and New York, Zed Books.
Cooks, L.M., and C.L. Hale. "A Feminist Approach to the Empowerment of Women Mediators." Discourse and Society 3 (1992): 277-300.
Eade, Deborah, and Haleh Afshar. Development, Women, and War: Feminist Perspectives. London: Oxfam, 2004.
Hancock, A. M. (2001). “Perspectives in Gender and Conflict Resolution.” Peace Review 13(4): 597-602(6).
Hartsock, N. "Exchange Theory: Critique from a Feminist Standpoint." Current Perspectives in Social Theory, Vol 6. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1985.
Mazurana, Dyan E., and Susan R. McKay. Women and Peacebuilding. Montreal: International Centre for Human Rights and Democratic Development, 1999.
Turshen, Meredeth, and Clotilde Twageramariya, eds. What Women Do in Wartime: Gender and Conflict in Africa. London and New York: Zed Books, 1998.
Corrin, C. (2001). “Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Gender Analysis in Kosova.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 3(1): 78-98(21).
Mckay, S. (2000). “Gender Justice and Reconciliation.” Women's Studies International Forum 23(5): 561-570(10).
Fogelberg, T. (1994). Settling Differences: Conflict and Development from Women's Vantage Points. NGO Conference on Conflict and Development, The Hague, The Netherlands.

Theoretical and empirical issues are raised when gender is taken into consideration in the analysis of international relations. Examination of various themes: militarism, international political economy, international development.
The course we help us to look at International Relations through the lens of gender. In doing so, we discover that the discipline of International Relations, as well as its foundations in political theory, have traditionally neglected the question of gender. One of the tasks of feminist theories and gender studies in IR, therefore, is to address this oversight. Further, in addressing International Relations through a gender lens, ways in which femininity and masculinity have been implicitly incorporated into foundational concepts and categories of political and international relations theory such as the state, sovereignty, war, politics, rights, labour, production and order will be revealed. In this way, a gender analysis also brings to the fore the way in which men and women both play – and have been represented as playing – systematically different roles in international relations and both are affected – and have been represented as being affected – in systematically different ways by world politics.

Recommended Books
Bananas, Beaches, and Bases: Making Feminist Sense of International Politics. Berkeley, Calif., 1989.
Harris, Adrienne, and Ynestra King, eds. Rocking the Ship of State: Toward a Feminist Peace Politics. Boulder, Colo., 1989. An introduction to issues of women, gender, and peace activism.
Tickner, J. Ann. Gender in International Relations: Feminist Perspectives on Achieving Global Security. New York, 1992.
Jeffords, Susan. The Remasculinization of America: Gender and the Vietnam War. Bloomington, Ind., 1989
Mohanty, Chandra. "Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses." Feminist Review 30 (1988), 61-88; and in Chandra Talpade Mohanty, Ann Russo and Lourdes Torres, eds. Third World Women and the Politics of Feminism (Bloomington and Indianapolis, IN: Indiana University Press, 1991), 51-80.
Pateman, Carole, and Elizabeth Gross, eds. Feminist Challenges: Social and Political Theory (Boston, MA: Northeastern University Press, 1987).
Peterson, V. Spike, and Anne Sisson Runyan. Global Gender Issues: Dilemmas in World Politics (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1993).
Saxonhouse, Arlene. "Aristotle: Defective Males, Hierarchy, and the Limits of Politics," in Mary Lyndon Shanley and Carole Pateman, eds. Feminist  Interpretations and Political Theory (University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1991), 32-52.
"The Sources of Gender Bias in International Relations Theory," in Rebecca Grant and Kathleen Newland, eds. Gender and International Relations Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, and Britain: Open University Press, 1991), 8-26.
Pettman, Jan Jindy. 1996. Worlding Women: A Feminist International Politics, New York, NY: Routledge.
Rai, Shirin.  2001. Gender and the Political Economy of Development: From Nationalism to Globalization, London: Polity.
Chenoy, A., Vanaik,A (1996). Promoting Peace, Security and Conflict Resolution: Altering the Gender Balance in Decision Making Structures. Expert Group Meeting on "Political Decision-Making and Conflict-Resolution: The Impact of Gender Difference, United Nations Division For the Advancement of Women.
Dahlerup, D. (1994). “Learning to Live with the State: State, Market and Civil Society, Women's Need For State Intervention in East and West.” Women's Studies International Forum 17(2-3): 117-128. 
Deutsch, Y. (1994). Israeli Women against the Occupation: Political Growth and the Persistence of Ideology. Women and the Israeli Occupation: the Politics of Change. T. Mayer. London, Routledge.
Dombrowski, N., Ed. (1998). Women and War in the Twentieth Century. Levittown, NY, Garland Publishers.
Dowler, L. “'And They Think I'm Just a Nice Old Lady' Women and War in Belfast Northern Ireland.” Gender, Place and Culture - A Journal of Feminist Geography 5(2): 159-176(18). 
El-Bushra, J., Mukarubuga, C (1995). “Women, War and transition.” Gender and Development 3(3): 16-22(7). Santo Domingo.
Chenoy, A. (2000). “Bringing gender into national security and international relations.” International Studies 37(1): 17-30.
Cockburn, C. (1998). The Space Between Us: Negotiating Gender and National Identities in Conflict. London and New York, Zed Books. 
Cockburn, C. (1999). Background Paper: Gender, Armed Conflict and Political Violence. World Bank Conference on Gender, Armed Conflict and Political Development, Washington D.C. 
Collet, P. (1998). Afghan Women in the Peace Process. The Women & War Reader. L. Lorentzen, Turpin,J. New York and London, New York University Press. 
Colleta, N. C., M (2000). Violent Conflict and the Transformation of Social Capital: Lessons from Cambodia, Rwanda, Guatemala and Somalia. Washington D.C., World Bank. 
Cooke, M., Woollacott, A, Ed. (1993). Gendering War Talk. Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press.
Cooke, M. (1996). Women and The War Story. Berkeley, University of California Press.
Elshtain, J. (1982). “Women as Mirror and Other: Towards a Theory of Women, War and Feminism.” Humanities in Society 1(2): 29-44. 
Elshtain, J. (1987). Women and War. New York, Basic Books. 
Enloe, C. (1993). The Morning After: Sexual Politics at the End of the Cold War. Berkeley, University of California Press. 
Enloe, C. (1995). “When Feminists Think about Rwanda.” Cultural Survival Quarterly 19(1, Spring): 25-29.

This course aims to familiarize students with some of the alternative voices that need to be heard in order to understand dissent by women. Primarily, it will trace the trajectory of female spirituality over the course of history and its role as a substantial threat to religious clergy and society at large. French feminist Irigaray contextualizes female mysticism as “the only place in the history in which women speak and act so publicly”.  The analysis in this course will focus on the ‘maps’ that religious women devised to steer themselves away patriarchal landscapes of their time.
This course examines the lives and work of prominent women mystics such as Rabiya al Basri, Rabiya Balkhi/Khuzdari, Mira, Lal Ded, Zeb un Nisa Makhfi and Quratul ain Tahira.
It looks at women and mysticism from three distinct angles. First, the interaction of women mystics with their society and the extent to which they were able to break free of socially constituted paradigms. Second, the presence/absence of feminist consciousness in works (poetry and text) of women mystics. The third angle focuses on the overall impact of their life choices and ideas on the immediate social milieu around them.

Recommended Readings: 
ARMSTRONG, Karen. Islam Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 2000. (Chapter 1 and 2
COOKE, Miriam. Women Claim Islam. Routledge, New York, 2001. (Chapter 2)
ELLIOT,Dyan. Proving Women: Female Spirituality and Inquisitional Culture in the Later Middle Ages, Princeton University Press. 2004. (Chapter 2)
SMITH, Margaret. Muslim Women Mystics. One world Publications, 2001. (Chapter 1- 15)
ISLAM, Riazul.  Sufism in South Asia: Impact on Fourteenth Century Muslim Society. Riazul Islam , Oxford University Press, 2003. (Chapter 1, 2, 5 and 7)
Wiethaus, Ulrike (ed) Maps of Flesh and Light: The Religious Experience of Medieval Women Mystics, Syracuse University Press, 1993.  (Chapter 2, 3, 4 and 5)

Journal Articles: 
LOCHRIE, Karma ‘ The Language of Transgression: Body, Flesh and Word in Mystical Discourse’ Speaking Two Languages (ed. Frantzen, Allen J). State University of New York Press, 1991.   
JANTZEN, Grace M ‘Feminists, Philosophers and Mystics’ Hypata. Vol 9. No4. Fall 1994
PETROFF, Elizabeth. ‘Medieval Women Visionaries: Seven Stages to Power’. Frontiers. Vol 3, Spring 1978.

This course is intended to provide students with exposure to and understanding of texts by the two fathers of existentialism: Nietzsche and Kierkegaard. Their work not only provided building blocks for post modernism and its concepts including deconstruction and divided self but also inspired feminists like Kristeva and thinkers like Derrida. First hand knowledge of their work is therefore essential for understanding ideas such as subtext, contextuality and deconstruction.   

This course will enable them to familiarize themselves with some of Kierkegaard and Nietzsche’s  major writings on power, culture, language, subtext and meaning; in turn enabling them to understand the effective links between key concepts like deconstruction and divided self with gender roles and discourse. Particular emphasis will be on deconstructing their works through the feminist perspective. 

Recommended Readings:
FRICKER, Miranda and HORNSBY, Jennifer (eds) The Cambridge Companion to Feminism in Philosophy. Cambridge University Press, 2000.  (Part XIII)
OLIVER, Kelly and MARILYN, Pearsall. Feminist Interpretations of Friedrich Nietzsche. Pennsylvania State University. 1998.  (covered entirely)
WALSH, Sylvia and LEON, Celine. Feminist Interpretations of Soren Kierkegaard. Pennsylvania State University, 1997.  (covered entirely)
WESTPHAL, Merold and MATUSIK, Martin. Kierkegaard in Post/Modernity. Indiana University Press. 1995. (covered entirely)

In Social Sciences, ranges of courses involving traditional as well as highly innovative research techniques are offered.

This course “Computer Application in Gender Studies” deals with introduction to information technology, system design, introduction to computers, introduction to operating system, software and hardware, data and traditional file processing, database and database management system, an introduction to e-commerce, an introduction to the internet and an introduction  to the world wide data.

This course would be compulsory for all the students but would be non-credit course. It would be offered in the first semester and in case some students could not pass the course in his first semester, it would be carried forward to the next semester till the student passes the course.

Course Goals

• Introduction to Information Technology
• Introduction to Computers
• Software and Hardware
• Data and Traditional File Processing
• An Introduction to the Internet and World Wide Web

Performance Objectives

• Introduction to Information Technology
  • Information
  • System
  • Classification of System
  • System modeling
  • Fundamental of Information System
  • Information Systems resources and technologies
  • Components of information systems
  • Computer based information system
  • Computer of personal information systems
  • Information system activities
  • Information systems resources and technologies
  • Components of information systems
  • Computer based information systems
  • Components of personal information systems
  • Information system activities

Introduction to Computers

• Computer
• History
• Types
• Advantages and disadvantages

 SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE.
Hardware

• Primary storage
• RAM AND ROM
• Cache Memory
• Flash
• Virtual
• CMOS
• Microprocessor
• Working of CPU
• Buses for Input – Output
• Parity checks
• Bandwidth
• CISC and RISC
• Input Devices
• Output Devices
• Output Devices

Secondary Storage Devices 

• Diskettes
• Disk Packs
• Tape Drives
• Compact Disks and DVD

Software

• Languages
• Packages
• Editors
• Database

Data and Traditional File Processing

• Structures
• Data Structures
• Fields
• Records
• Data Processing
• Batch Processing
• Real-time Processing
• Sequential
• Indexed Sequential
• Direct
• Data security
• Security against data loses
• Unauthorized use

 An Introduction to the Internet

• The Internet
• Commercial uses & the Internet
• Hypertext
• Browsers
• Academic uses and WWW
• Taking advantages of World Wide web

Evaluation Strategy
Evaluation of students is to fallow grading approved by QAU. Evaluation strategies to be incorporated the following:

• Different assignments based on real time projects
• Analyzing and designing individual Case studies.
• Surprise tests/Quizzes
• Mid term tests

Applications

• Microsoft Windows
• Microsoft Excel
• Microsoft Power Point
• Microsoft Outlook
• SPSS

Recommended Readings

• Computer and Application (Daniel L. Slotnick)

• Computer and Information (Lawrence S. Orilia)

• An Introduction to Computer (Donald D. Spencer)
• Computer and Data Processing (Harvey M. Deitel)

• Microsoft World User’s Guide (Microsoft Corporation )

• Getting Results with Microsoft Excel for Windows (Microsoft Corporation)
• Getting Stated and User’s Guide Microsoft Windows (Microsoft Corporation)
• Using Power Point for Windows (Riche Grace)
• Using Excel for Windows (Ron Person )

The course “Proficiency in English Language” aims to develop oral and written communication skills and an overall understanding of the language. Through intensive learning process, it covers all the essential language areas to ensure improvement in receptive (reading & listening) and productive (writing & speaking) skills of the students. Moreover, it encourages them to develop an appetite for the learning of English Language so as to meet with the demands of modern era.

“Course Structure”
This course covers reading, writing, speaking, & listening skills of the language including language analysis, grammar, colloquial language, vocabulary building, and error analysis which deal with the functions, structures and development of different language items. Class work includes language lectures, group discussions, oral presentations, language learning activities in terms of exercises, practices and events. Learning on the part of students is gauged through their active participation in class room activities, portfolios, accomplishment of tasks on time, assignments based on research, oral presentations, sessionals, and terminal exams.

“COURSE OUTLINE”

Major Areas

• Study of Words
• Sentence Structure
• Composition Development
• Comprehension Development
• Reading Skills
• Writing Skills
• Listening Skills
• Speaking Skills
• Creative Writing
• Error Analysis
• Presentation Skills
• Phonology (Optional)
• Capacity Building (Optional)

Study of Words

• Parts of speech
• Vocabulary building
  • Vocabulary inventories
  • Making words
  • Prefixes/suffixes
  • Spelling traps

Sentence Structures

• Phrase/clause/sentence
• Subject-verb agreement
• Pronoun agreement
• Tenses
• Voice of the verb/voice conversion
• Conditionals
• Narrations
• Punctuations
• Advance Sentence Structures
  • Sentence Fragments
  • Run-Ons
  • Faulty Parallelism
  • Misplaced Modifiers
  • Dangling Modifiers

Comprehension Development

• How to develop comprehension skills
  • Comprehension is based on:…..?
  • Comprehension Strategies
  • Practices
• Reading Comprehension(passages)
• Paraphrasing
• Critique/Critical Analysis

Reading Skills

• Problems in reading
• Comprehension through reading
• Element of connectivity in ideas
• How to infer a conclusion through reading
• Reading between the lines

Writing Skills

• Problems in Writing
• Developing Writing Skills
• Improving Writing Skills

Listening Skills

• Problems in Listening
• Developing & Improving Listening Skills

Speaking Skills

 

• Problems in speaking
• Public Speaking
• Pronunciation

Composition Development

• Problems in writing
• Developing Writing Skills
• Paragraphing
• Essay Writing
• Expansion
• Précis Writing

 

Technical Writing

• Executive Summary of a Report

Creative Writing

• Controlled Writing Practices
  • Close-test
  • Writing through Word-bank
  • Writing through Phrases

Error Analysis

• Gerunds
• Infinitives
• Modal Auxiliaries
• Linking Words
• Do emphatic
• Question tags/ Imperative tags, etc

Presentation Skills

• Making oral presentation
• Structuring the presentation
• Designing presentation visuals
• Developing presentation style
• Tips & techniques for great presentations

Phonology (Pronunciation)- Optional

• The Organs of Articulation
• Symbols of Speech Sounds of English Language with key-words
  • Consonants (24)
    • Place of Articulation
    • Manner of Articulation
  • Vowels (12)
    • Features of Vowel Articulation
  • Diphthongs
  • Trip thongs
• Rules
  • Of  linking /r/
  • Of past formations
  • Of plural formations
  • Of  /?/  &  /g/
  • Elision
  • Assimilation
• Phonetic Transcription

Capacity Building-Optional

• Self Management
• Time Management
• Stress Management
• Thinking Skills
• Motivational Skills
• Personality Traits
• Dress Code
• Leadership & Management

Recommended Readings:

• Oxford Practice Grammar (by John Eastwood)
• English Grammar in Use (by Raymond Murphy Cambridge University Press)
• English Skills with Reading (by   John Lagan)
• English Grammar & Composition (by Wren & Martin)
• A practical English Grammar (by  A. J. Thomson and A. V. Martinet)
• Practical English Usage ( by   Michael Swan)
• Understanding and Using English Grammar ( by   Betty Schrampfer Azar)
• English Grammar and Usage ( by   Mr. Hugh Catchpole)
• The Elements of Style (by  William Strunk & E. B. White0
• Business English Develop Effective Business Writing Skills (by Andrea B. Geffner)
• Language in Thought and Action (by S. I. Hayakawa)
• Technical Report Writing Today (by  Daniel G. Riordan)
• Effective Business Communications (by Herta A. Murphy, Herbert W. Hildebrandt)
• Exploring The World of English A Practical Course in Composition (by Sayyid Saadat Ali Shah